![]() ![]() ![]() The Declaration of Principle provides that: Unlike previous youth justice legislation, the YCJA provides guidance on the priority that is to be given to key principles. The Declaration of Principle sets out the policy framework of the legislation. ![]() The youth justice system should reserve its most serious interventions for the most serious crimes and reduce the over-reliance on incarceration.The youth justice system should take into account the interests of victims and ensure accountability through meaningful consequences, rehabilitation and reintegration.Young persons have special guarantees of their rights and freedoms, including those set out in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child.Accurate information about youth crime, the youth justice system and effective measures should be publicly available.Communities and families should work in partnership with others to prevent youth crime by addressing its underlying causes, responding to the needs of young persons and providing guidance and support.Society has a responsibility to address the developmental challenges and needs of young persons.These statements can be used to help interpret the legislation and include the following: The Preamble contains significant statements from Parliament about the values upon which the legislation is based. The YCJA contains both a Preamble and a Declaration of Principle that applies throughout the Act. The amendments adopted by Parliament in 2012 aimed to strengthen the ways in which the youth justice system deals with repeat and violent offenders. The YCJA provided the legislative framework for a fairer and more effective youth justice system. These concerns included the overuse of the courts and incarceration in less serious cases, disparity and unfairness in sentencing, a lack of effective reintegration of young people released from custody, and the need to better take into account the interests of victims. The YCJA introduced significant reforms to address concerns about how the youth justice system had evolved under the YOA. On April 1, 2003, the YCJA came into force, completely replacing the previous legislation, the YOA. The purpose of this document is to explain the background of the YCJA, to provide a summary of its main provisions and the rationale behind them, and to highlight the experience under the YCJA. ![]() A set of amendments to the YCJA was adopted by Parliament in 2012. In over a century of youth justice legislation in Canada, there have been three youth justice statutes: the Juvenile Delinquents Act (1908-1984), the Young Offenders Act (YOA) (1984-2003), and the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) (2003-present). It applies to youth who are at least 12 but under 18 years old, who are alleged to have committed criminal offences. The Youth Criminal Justice Act is the law that governs Canada’s youth justice system. The Youth Criminal Justice Act Summary and Background ![]()
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